Vol. 9, 2024

Medical Physics

CANCER RISK EVALUATION FOR HIGH-DOSE CHEST CT EXAMINATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Dafina Xhako, Suela Hoxhaj, Elda Spahiu, Niko Hyka

Pages: 36-40

DOI: 10.37392/RapProc.2024.08

High-dose chest CT exams were performed significantly more frequently during the Covid-19 pandemic to diagnose and treat patients. While critical for patient care, there are concerns about the potential increase in cancer risk linked with this ionizing radiation exposure. Based on the radiation dose, age, sex, and organ exposure, this study examines the cancer risk linked to high-dose thorax CT during the pandemic in Albania. This study is to evaluate the possible cancer risk associated with high-dose CT exams of the thorax for Covid patients. As a method for calculating the incidence of cancer linked to radiation exposure, the idea of Lifetime Attributable Risk (LAR) is investigated through data collection from Covid 19 patient for the period 2020 -2022. The study's methodology includes a thorough analysis of radiation exposure from CT scans, with a particular emphasis on the risks associated with cancer from thorax imaging techniques. The cancer risks significantly increased linearly with radiation dose of CT scans, with the highest risks for doses greater than 50 mSv. The lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer for adults following CT scans was inordinately increased. This study also investigates how the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the need for and frequency of thoracic CT scans, considering the increasing use of imaging in the diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory diseases during this global health emergency. The results of this study emphasize how crucial it is to weigh the possible long-term hazards of radiation-induced cancer against the diagnostic advantages of high-dose thoracic CT scans. Using the patient's age, sex, and effective dose value, the risk factors from BEIR VII tables for more than 2000 patients, analyzing other complex factors that contribute to the risk of cancer, we found there is a low cancer risk estimation considering as an important factor the age of patients.
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