Vol. 6, 2021
Radiobiology
Primary DNA damage in brain of mice exposed to anaesthetic isoflurane and ionizing irradiation in dose of 1 or 2 Gy
Vesna Benković, Anica Horvat Knežević, Mirta Milić
Pages: 1-5
DOI: 10.37392/RapProc.2021.01
Abstract | References | Full Text (PDF)
Radiotherapy (RT) is still a golden procedure for brain tumour therapy.
Ionizing radiation (IR) is IARC carcinogen of group 1 and the use of novel
RT techniques increased the precise targeting, dose delivery, localized
dose exposure and lowered the number of necessary IR exposures. The use of
volatile anaesthetics (VA) in RT helped in patients’ immobility and RT
targeting either due to the type of the procedure or due to different
patients’ conditions (claustrophobia, anxiety, etc.), considering the
increase in brain tumour incidence among adults and children. Isoflurane
(ISO) among VA is commonly used due to fast sedation and stable patients’
conditions. Although considered safe, there are reports about its
genotoxicity and mutagenicity in vitro, in vivo and in clinical studies but
with no consistent and even contradictory results, mostly considering the
toxic and protective effects in brain cells. Combined VA-IR effects have
not been examined so far, so we decided to test single exposure on brain
cells in vivo. 120 Swiss albino male mice, were exposed to 2.4 % ISO® for 2
hours or to 1 or 2 Gy whole body γ-IR (
60
Co, dose rate 1.88 Gy/min) or their combination. Frontal lobe brain samples
(as the most sensitive IR damaging parts) were taken immediately (0h), 2, 6
and 24h from the exposure and primary DNA damage was evaluated using
alkaline comet assay. In non-irradiated ISO samples slightly higher damage
level did not significantly differ from control in all time points. IR only
samples had significantly higher damage, with the dose increase. In both
combined exposures, after 24 hours, ISO significantly decreased damage
levels, compared to IR samples and demonstrated its influence on increased
velocity repair of the rest of IR damage. Adaptive response, by activating
DNA repair mechanisms and the levels of reactive free oxygen radicals’
scavengers are possible mechanism of isoflurane protective effect but
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