Vol. 7, 2022

Environmental Physics

MONITORING COSMOGENIC AND TERRESTRIAL RADIONUCLIDES IN GROUND LEVEL AIR SAMPLES BY GAMMA SPECTROMETRY IN ALBANIA

Erjon Spahiu, Irma Bërdufi, Manjola Shyti, Florinda Cfarku

Pages: 54–57

DOI: 10.37392/RapProc.2022.13

The activity concentrations of 7Be, 210Pb, 40K and 137Cs in ground level air at the monitoring station in Tirana, Albania were determined during the period from January 2021 to January 2022. To perform a routine air radioactivity monitoring, we used a typical aerosol sampling station located at the Institute of Applied Nuclear Physics in Tirana not only for routine air radioactivity monitoring, but also to monitor the air in the institute from the radiation protection point of view because in the institute are located the temporary radioactive waste site, 137Cs source used in the secondary standard dosimetry laboratory and 137Cs irradiation source. Activities in all aerosol samples are measured by gamma spectrometer with High Purity Germanium detector (HPGe). The cylinder geometry efficiency curve generated by Canberra’s Laboratory Sourceless Calibration Software (LabSOCS) was used to analyze the air filters. The obtained results show the activity concentrations of cosmogenic 7Be ranged from 2.38 to 6.82 mBq m–3 with a maximum in the spring/summer period. The activity concentrations for 210Pb were in the range 0.37 to 1.27 mBq m–3. The activity concentrations of anthropogenic 137Cs in ground level air was observed only in three air filters in the range 0.30–6.01 μBq m–3. The monitoring is done for the first time in Albania, providing us the data of cosmogenic and terrestrial radionuclides in ground level air. This study will continue also in the future in order to see the variation of radionuclides during the years.
  1. S. Bławzej, J. W. Mietelski, “Cosmogenic 22Na, 7Be and terrestrial 137Cs, 40K radionuclides in ground level air samples collected weekly in Kraków (Poland) over years 2003-2006,” J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., vol. 300, no. 2, pp. 747 – 756, May 2014.
    DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3049-6
    PMid: 26224972
    PMCid: PMC4514665
  2. D. Todorovic, D. Popovic, J. Nikolic, J. Ajtic, “Radioactivity monitoring in ground level air in Belgrade urban area,” Radiat. Prot. Dosimetry, vol. 142, no. 2 – 4, pp. 308 – 313, Dec. 2010.
    DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncq211
    PMid: 20833680
  3. D. Huang, H. Bao, T. Yu, “Temporal Variations in Radionuclide Activity (7Be and 210Pb) in Surface Aerosols at a Coastal Site in Southeastern China,” Aerosol Air Qual. Res., vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 1969 – 1979, Sep. 2019.
    DOI: 10.4209/aaqr.2019.02.0084
  4. A. Ioannidou, M. Manolopoulou, C. Papastefanou, “Temporal changes of 7Be and 210Pb concentrations in surface air at temperate latitudes (40°N),” Appl. Radiat. Isot., vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 277 – 284, Aug. 2005.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2005.03.010
    PMid: 15921916
  5. P. Lipinski, K. A. Isajenko, M. Biernacka, A. Zak, “Integration of Polish Monitoring Networks (ASS-500 and PMS systems),” Nukleonika, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 143 – 146, Aug. 2001.
    Retrieved from: https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BUJ6-0006-0103?q=bwmeta1. element.baztech-volume-0029-5922-nukleonika-2001-vol__46_nr_4;5&qt=CHILDREN-STATELESS
    Retrieved on: Sep. 15, 2021
  6. S. Grabowska, J. W. Mietelski, K. Kozak, P. Gaca, “Gamma Emitters on Micro-Becquerel Activity Level in Air at Kraków (Poland),” J. Atmos. Chem., vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 103 – 116, Oct. 2003.
    DOI: 10.1023/A:1026067614448
  7. M. Bysiek, M. Biernacka, P. Lipinski, “Radioactivity of ground-level air in Poland. Results from ASS-500 stations network,” Nukleonika, vol. 46, no. 4, pp. 171 – 173, Sep. 2001.
    Retrieved from: http://www.ichtj.waw.pl/ichtj/nukleon/back/full/vol46_2001/v46n4p171f.pdf
    Retrieved on: Sep. 15, 2021
  8. M. C. Lépy et al., “Intercomparison of efficiency transfer software for gamma-ray spectrometry,” Appl. Radiat. Isot., vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 493 – 503, Oct. 2001.
    DOI: 10.1016/S0969-8043(01)00101-4
  9. F. L. Bronson, “Validation of the accuracy of the LabSOCS software for mathematical efficiency calibration of Ge detectors for typical laboratory samples,” J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., vol. 255, no. 1, pp. 137 – 141, Jan. 2003.
    DOI: 10.1023/A:1022248318741
  10. M. Shyti, “Calibration and performance of HPGe detector for environmental radioactivity measurements using LabSOCS,” AIP Conf. Proc., vol. 2075, no. 1, 130012, Feb. 2019.
    DOI: 10.1063/1.5091297
  11. L. E. De Geer, “Currie detection limits in gamma–ray spectroscopy,” Appl. Radiat. Isot., vol. 61, no. 2–3, pp. 151 – 160, Aug.-Sep. 2004.
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.03.037
    PMid: 15177337
  12. A. Mauring, S. Patterson, B. Seslak, S. Tarjan, A. Trinkl, IAEA-TEL-2020-03 World Wide Open Proficiency Test Exercise, Pie-charts, S-Shapes and Reported Results with Scores , Rep. IAEA-TEL-2020-03, IAEA, Vienna, Austria, 2021.
    Retrieved from: https://nucleus.iaea.org/sites/ReferenceMaterials/Pages/Interlaboratory-Studies.aspx
    Retrieved on: Nov. 10, 2021
  13. M. M. Janković et al., “Temporal concentration changes of beryllium-7 and lead-210 in ground level air level Serbia,” Chem. Ind., vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 83 – 88, Jan. 2014.
    DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND130320031J