LABORATORY TESTING AND PREANALYTICAL ERRORS: WHERE ARE WE IN 2022?
Dragana Pap
Pages: 62–66 DOI: 10.37392/RapProc.2022.15
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Inaccurate results of laboratory testing are mostly caused by errors in the preanalytical phase. The aim of this retrospective study is monitoring, documenting and preventing errors in the pre-analytical phase in order to provide better health care for patients. The study has been done from 2017 to 2021 and involves monitoring, documenting and preventing errors with aspect to phlebotomy in clinical biochemical laboratory of primary health care, in Students Health Protection Institute. Errors are classified in accordance with IFCC recommendation as quality indicators: insufficient sample volume, inappropriately labeled sample and sample damage. The study has shown that the most common errors are insufficient sample volume and sample damage (0.97 %). Inappropriately labeled samples were significantly lower and completely eliminated during period of study (2017 was 0.34 %, 2021 was 0 %; p<0.01). No significant decrease in number of sample damage (2017- 0.50 % - 2021- 0.30 %) was shown and insufficient sample volume errors (2017- 0.43% - 2021-0.32%) were constantly persisting during the period of study. Through permanent improvement and application of quality management system (QMS), implementation of certification and accreditation of laboratories according to the ISO15189, 2018- (QM / QA) standards for medical laboratories the entire laboratory testing process can be improved. Implementation of LIS (Laboratory Information System), the standard for POCT-ISO22870: 2006 Point of care testing, along with clear transparent and available procedures, errors in the pre-analytical phase can be minimized. Special attention should be paid on errors that continue to exist in the study. With more accurate, precise and valid results, correct and fast diagnosis, satisfied patients can be achieved with a smaller number of errors in pre-analytical phase and the principle of cost benefit can be achieved following the guideline: “no blood sample is better than a bad blood sample”.
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